Rainbow chard growing beside orange marigolds in a raised garden bed

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Texas Vegetable Planting Calendar

The Texas vegetable planting calendar below lists spring and fall planting dates for 40 crops from Texas A&M AgriLife Extension. The calendar dates are set relative to the last and first frost, so each county gets its own dates from its NOAA 50% frost dates.

Photo: Rainbow chard growing beside orange marigolds in a raised garden bed. Missvain, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Planting calendar for your Texas county

County

Dates for the picked county. Shifted or frost-relative dates are worked out from the county’s NOAA 50% frost dates as the publication describes.

Lone oak above a field of yellow wildflowers

The Texas calendar as published

Crop	Season	How	Region	Published dates	Publication
Asparagus	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	not recommended	EHT-077
Asparagus	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Beans, Lima bush	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 15	EHT-056
Beans, Lima bush	fall	plant	Region II	Jul 25	EHT-056
Beans, Lima bush	fall	plant	Region III	Aug 20	EHT-056
Beans, Lima bush	fall	plant	Region IV	Sep 1	EHT-056
Beans, Lima bush	fall	plant	Region V	Sep 15	EHT-056
Beans, Lima bush	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	8 to 10 weeks before	EHT-077
Beans, Lima bush	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 4 weeks after	EHT-077
Beans, Lima pole	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	14 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Beans, Lima pole	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 4 weeks after	EHT-077
Beans, snap bush	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 15	EHT-056
Beans, snap bush	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 1	EHT-056
Beans, snap bush	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 1	EHT-056
Beans, snap bush	fall	plant	Region IV	Sep 10	EHT-056
Beans, snap bush	fall	plant	Region V	Oct 1	EHT-056
Beans, snap bush	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	8 to 10 weeks before	EHT-077
Beans, snap bush	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 4 weeks after	EHT-077
Beans, snap pole	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	14 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Beans, snap pole	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 4 weeks after	EHT-077
Beets	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 15	EHT-056
Beets	fall	plant	Region II	Sep 1	EHT-056
Beets	fall	plant	Region III	Oct 15	EHT-056
Beets	fall	plant	Region IV	Nov 1	EHT-056
Beets	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Beets	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	8 to 10 weeks before	EHT-077
Beets	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Broccoli	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 15	EHT-056
Broccoli	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 1	EHT-056
Broccoli	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 1	EHT-056
Broccoli	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 1	EHT-056
Broccoli	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 1	EHT-056
Broccoli	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	10 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Broccoli	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 1	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 1	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 1	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 1	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 20	EHT-056
Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 20	EHT-056
Brussels sprouts	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 15	EHT-056
Brussels sprouts	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 1	EHT-056
Brussels sprouts	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 1	EHT-056
Brussels sprouts	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 1	EHT-056
Brussels sprouts	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 1	EHT-056
Brussels Sprouts	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	10 to 14 weeks before	EHT-077
Brussels Sprouts	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Cabbage	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 15	EHT-056
Cabbage	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 1	EHT-056
Cabbage	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 1	EHT-056
Cabbage	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 1	EHT-056
Cabbage	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 1	EHT-056
Cabbage	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	10 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Cabbage	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Cabbage, Chinese	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 14 weeks before	EHT-077
Cabbage, Chinese	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Carrot	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 14 weeks before	EHT-077
Carrot	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Carrots	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 15	EHT-056
Carrots	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 15	EHT-056
Carrots	fall	plant	Region III	Nov 10	EHT-056
Carrots	fall	plant	Region IV	Nov20	EHT-056
Carrots	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Cauliflower	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 15	EHT-056
Cauliflower	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 1	EHT-056
Cauliflower	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 1	EHT-056
Cauliflower	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 1	EHT-056
Cauliflower	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 1	EHT-056
Cauliflower	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	10 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Cauliflower	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	not recommended	EHT-077
Chard, Swiss	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 1	EHT-056
Chard, Swiss	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 15	EHT-056
Chard, Swiss	fall	plant	Region III	Oct 1	EHT-056
Chard, Swiss	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 20	EHT-056
Chard, Swiss	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Chard, Swiss	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Chard, Swiss	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Collard (Kale)	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	8 to 12 weeks before	EHT-077
Collard (Kale)	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	8 to 12 weeks before	EHT-077
Collard (Kale)	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Collard (Kale)	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Collards	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 1	EHT-056
Collards	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 15	EHT-056
Collards	fall	plant	Region III	Oct 10	EHT-056
Collards	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 20	EHT-056
Collards	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Corn, sweet	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 1	EHT-056
Corn, sweet	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 10	EHT-056
Corn, sweet	fall	plant	Region III	Aug 20	EHT-056
Corn, sweet	fall	plant	Region IV	Sep 10	EHT-056
Corn, sweet	fall	plant	Region V	Sep 20	EHT-056
Corn, sweet	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 14 weeks before	EHT-077
Corn, sweet	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 6 weeks after	EHT-077
Cucumber	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 15	EHT-056
Cucumber	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 1	EHT-056
Cucumber	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 1	EHT-056
Cucumber	fall	plant	Region IV	Sep 10	EHT-056
Cucumber	fall	plant	Region V	Oct 1	EHT-056
Cucumber	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	10 to 12 weeks before	EHT-077
Cucumber	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 6 weeks after	EHT-077
Eggplant	fall	plant	Region I	Jul 1	EHT-056
Eggplant	fall	plant	Region II	Jun 15	EHT-056
Eggplant	fall	plant	Region III	Jul 1	EHT-056
Eggplant	fall	plant	Region IV	Jul 10	EHT-056
Eggplant	fall	plant	Region V	Aug 1	EHT-056
Eggplant	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Eggplant	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 6 weeks after	EHT-077
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region I	Jun 25	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region I	Jun 25	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region I	Jun 25	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region II	Jul 10	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region II	Jul 10	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region II	Jul 10	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region III	Jul 25	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region III	Jul 25	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region III	Jul 25	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region IV	Aug 10	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region IV	Aug 10	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region IV	Aug 10	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region V	Sep 1	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region V	Sep 1	EHT-056
Eggplant, peppers, tomato	fall	plant	Region V	Sep 1	EHT-056
Garlic	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Garlic	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	not recommended	EHT-077
Garlic (cloves)	fall	cloves	Region I	Jul	EHT-056
Garlic (cloves)	fall	cloves	Region II	Aug	EHT-056
Garlic (cloves)	fall	cloves	Region III	Oct	EHT-056
Garlic (cloves)	fall	cloves	Region IV	Nov	EHT-056
Garlic (cloves)	fall	cloves	Region V	Dec	EHT-056
Kohlrabi	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 15	EHT-056
Kohlrabi	fall	plant	Region II	Sep 1	EHT-056
Kohlrabi	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 10	EHT-056
Kohlrabi	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 1	EHT-056
Kohlrabi	fall	plant	Region V	Nov 1	EHT-056
Kohlrabi	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Kohlrabi	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Lettuce	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	10 to 14 weeks before	EHT-077
Lettuce	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	6 weeks before or 2 weeks after	EHT-077
Lettuce, leaf	fall	plant	Region I	Sep 1	EHT-056
Lettuce, leaf	fall	plant	Region II	Sep 15	EHT-056
Lettuce, leaf	fall	plant	Region III	Oct 10	EHT-056
Lettuce, leaf	fall	plant	Region IV	Nov 1	EHT-056
Lettuce, leaf	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 1	EHT-056
Muskmelon (Cantaloupe)	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	14 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Muskmelon (Cantaloupe)	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 6 weeks after	EHT-077
Mustard	fall	plant	Region I	Sep 1	EHT-056
Mustard	fall	plant	Region II	Oct 1	EHT-056
Mustard	fall	plant	Region III	Nov 1	EHT-056
Mustard	fall	plant	Region IV	Dec 1	EHT-056
Mustard	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Mustard	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	10 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Mustard	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 6 weeks after	EHT-077
Okra	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Okra	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 6 weeks after	EHT-077
Onion (plants)	fall	transplant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	not recommended	EHT-077
Onion (plants)	spring	transplant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 10 weeks before	EHT-077
Onion (seed)	fall	seed	Region I	Not recommended	EHT-056
Onion (seed)	fall	seed	Region II	Not recommended	EHT-056
Onion (seed)	fall	seed	Region III	Nov 1	EHT-056
Onion (seed)	fall	seed	Region IV	Dec 1	EHT-056
Onion (seed)	fall	seed	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Onion (seed)	fall	seed	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	8 to 10 weeks before	EHT-077
Onion (seed)	spring	seed	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	6 to 8 weeks before	EHT-077
Parsley	fall	plant	Region I	Sep 15	EHT-056
Parsley	fall	plant	Region II	Oct 1	EHT-056
Parsley	fall	plant	Region III	Oct 10	EHT-056
Parsley	fall	plant	Region IV	Nov 1	EHT-056
Parsley	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 1	EHT-056
Parsley	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	6 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Parsley	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Peas, English	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 12 weeks before	EHT-077
Peas, English	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 8 weeks before	EHT-077
Peas, southern	fall	plant	Region I	Jun 15	EHT-056
Peas, southern	fall	plant	Region II	Jul 1	EHT-056
Peas, southern	fall	plant	Region III	Aug 1	EHT-056
Peas, southern	fall	plant	Region IV	Aug 15	EHT-056
Peas, southern	fall	plant	Region V	Sep 1	EHT-056
Peas, Southern	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	10-12 weeks before	EHT-077
Peas, Southern	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 10 weeks after	EHT-077
Pepper	fall	plant	Region I	Jun 1	EHT-056
Pepper	fall	plant	Region II	Jun 15	EHT-056
Pepper	fall	plant	Region III	Jul 1	EHT-056
Pepper	fall	plant	Region IV	Jul 15	EHT-056
Pepper	fall	plant	Region V	Aug 1	EHT-056
Pepper	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Pepper	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 8 weeks after	EHT-077
Potato	fall	plant	Region I	Not recommended	EHT-056
Potato	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 1	EHT-056
Potato	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 1	EHT-056
Potato	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 1	EHT-056
Potato	fall	plant	Region V	Not recommended	EHT-056
Potato, Irish	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	14 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Potato, Irish	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	4 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Potato, sweet	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	not recommended	EHT-077
Potato, sweet	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 8 weeks after	EHT-077
Pumpkin	fall	plant	Region I	Jun 1	EHT-056
Pumpkin	fall	plant	Region II	Jul 1	EHT-056
Pumpkin	fall	plant	Region III	Aug 1	EHT-056
Pumpkin	fall	plant	Region IV	Aug 10	EHT-056
Pumpkin	fall	plant	Region V	Sep 1	EHT-056
Pumpkin	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 14 weeks before	EHT-077
Pumpkin	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 4 weeks after	EHT-077
Radish	fall	plant	Region I	Sep 1	EHT-056
Radish	fall	plant	Region II	Oct 1	EHT-056
Radish	fall	plant	Region III	Nov 25	EHT-056
Radish	fall	plant	Region IV	Dec 1	EHT-056
Radish	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Radish	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 8 weeks before	EHT-077
Radish	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	6 weeks before/ 4 weeks after	EHT-077
Spinach	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 15	EHT-056
Spinach	fall	plant	Region II	Sep 1	EHT-056
Spinach	fall	plant	Region III	Nov 15	EHT-056
Spinach	fall	plant	Region IV	Dec 1	EHT-056
Spinach	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Spinach	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Spinach	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 8 weeks before	EHT-077
Squash, summer	fall	plant	Region I	Aug 1	EHT-056
Squash, summer	fall	plant	Region II	Aug 15	EHT-056
Squash, summer	fall	plant	Region III	Sep 10	EHT-056
Squash, summer	fall	plant	Region IV	Oct 1	EHT-056
Squash, summer	fall	plant	Region V	Oct 10	EHT-056
Squash, summer	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 15 weeks before	EHT-077
Squash, summer	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 4 weeks after	EHT-077
Squash, winter	fall	plant	Region I	Jun 15	EHT-056
Squash, winter	fall	plant	Region II	Jul 1	EHT-056
Squash, winter	fall	plant	Region III	Aug 10	EHT-056
Squash, winter	fall	plant	Region IV	Sep 1	EHT-056
Squash, winter	fall	plant	Region V	Sep 10	EHT-056
Squash, winter	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 14 weeks before	EHT-077
Squash, winter	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 4 weeks after	EHT-077
Tomato	fall	plant	Region I	Jun 1	EHT-056
Tomato	fall	plant	Region II	Jun 15	EHT-056
Tomato	fall	plant	Region III	Jul 1	EHT-056
Tomato	fall	plant	Region IV	Jul 10	EHT-056
Tomato	fall	plant	Region V	Aug 1	EHT-056
Tomato	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	12 to 14 weeks before	EHT-077
Tomato	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 8 weeks after	EHT-077
Turnip	fall	plant	Region I	Sep 1	EHT-056
Turnip	fall	plant	Region II	Oct 15	EHT-056
Turnip	fall	plant	Region III	Nov 1	EHT-056
Turnip	fall	plant	Region IV	Dec 1	EHT-056
Turnip	fall	plant	Region V	Dec 15	EHT-056
Turnip, greens	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 12 weeks before	EHT-077
Turnip, greens	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Turnip, roots	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 12 weeks before	EHT-077
Turnip, roots	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	2 to 6 weeks before	EHT-077
Watermelon	fall	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	14 to 16 weeks before	EHT-077
Watermelon	spring	plant	Texas (statewide; timing relative to local frost dates)	1 to 6 weeks after	EHT-077

Published text is quoted from each publication. Region names are the publication’s own.

When to plant in Texas: crop by crop

Planting dates for each crop in Texas, from the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension calendar.

Tomatoes

Peppers

Potatoes

Sweet Corn

Green Beans

Cucumbers

Squash

Lettuce

Onions

Garlic

Peas

Watermelon

Texas planting calendar questions

When should I plant my garden in Texas?

What is the difference between spring and fall planting?

Spring windows follow the last frost. Fall windows are counted back from the first fall frost so cool-season crops mature before hard freezes.

Why are some dates "weeks before" or "weeks after" frost?

Some extension guides give dates relative to the average frost date. This site works those out for each county from its NOAA 50% frost date.

Which extension publications does this Texas calendar use?

EHT-077 Texas Home Vegetable Gardening Guide.

Can I plant outside these windows?

The windows are recommendations. Planting outside them raises the risk of frost damage, heat stress or poor germination.

How do I find my county's frost dates?

See the Texas frost dates page or your county page.

Blackland prairie meadow full of coneflowers

Sources

EHT-077, Texas Home Vegetable Gardening Guide (Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service). 6/14. Publication file.

Photos: Rainbow chard growing beside orange marigolds in a raised garden bed: Missvain, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Blackland prairie meadow full of coneflowers: sonnia hill, CC BY 2.0, via Flickr; Meadow filled with Indian paintbrush: gurdonark, CC BY 2.0, via Flickr; Morning fog over an oak savanna pasture: ejmc, CC BY 2.0, via Flickr; Lone oak above a field of yellow wildflowers: ejmc, CC BY 2.0, via Flickr; Staked tomato plant in a straw-mulched kitchen garden with green and ripening red tomatoes: NPS, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons; Pepper plant in a kitchen garden loaded with green, yellow and red peppers: NPS, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons; Potato plants growing in a home garden: Geo Lightspeed7, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Rows of sweet corn in a field: Wee Hong, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Clusters of long green bean pods hanging from a climbing bean vine: Nirajan_pant, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Cucumber vines climbing a wooden trellis in a kitchen garden: NPS, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons; Squash plant with yellow blossoms and spreading stems in a straw-mulched garden: Mary O'Neill, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons; Green and red leaf lettuce heads growing along drip lines in a garden bed: Forest and Kim Starr, CC BY 3.0 US, via Wikimedia Commons; Long rows of green onion plants growing in sandy farm soil: ליזי שאנן, CC BY 2.5, via Wikimedia Commons; Neat rows of young garlic shoots growing in dark tilled soil: Timothy A. Gonsalves, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Pea plants growing up supports in a garden: Kolforn (Kolforn), CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons; Young watermelon plant in a garden: Forest and Kim Starr, CC BY 3.0 us, via Wikimedia Commons.